共检索3条数据Total:3
2021-02-04
From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy (S.S., M.P.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (C.P.B.R.), Department of Pulmonology (M.H.E.R.), and Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (J.R.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (L.F.M.B.), Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (V.H.), Department of Respiratory Medicine (D.A.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (L.P.S.), Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.M.E.Q.v.U., T.v.R.V.) and Pulmonology (C.K.), Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.A.G.) and Department of Internal Medicine (P.M.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Radiology (J.L.S.), Infectious Diseases (H.S., R.W.), and Pulmonology (F.J.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (V.H.); Departments of Radiology (M.V.) and Internal Medicine (A.S.M.D.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.).
Background Clinicians need to rapidly and reliably diagnose coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) for proper risk stratification, isolation strategies, and treatment decisions. Purpose To assess the real-life performance of radiologist emergency department chest CT interpretation for diagnosing COVID-19 during the acute phase of the pandemic, using the COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS). Materials and Methods This retrospective multicenter study included consecutive patients who presented to emergency departments in six medical centers between March and April 2020 with moderate to severe upper respiratory symptoms suspicious for COVID-19. As part of clinical practice, chest CT scans were obtained for primary work-up and scored using the five-point CO-RADS scheme for suspicion of COVID-19. CT was compared with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay and a clinical reference standard established by a
2021-05-23
Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amstserdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amstserdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Noordwest Hospital Group, Alkmaar, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Isala Hospital, Zwolle, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Hospital Group Twente, Almelo, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, OLVG, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands.; Departement of Surgery, Flevo Hospital, Almere, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Gelre Hospitals, Apeldoorn, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Tergooi Hospitals, Hilversum, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, OLVG, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Elisabeth - Tweesteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen/Heerlen, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Amphia Hospital, Breda, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Dijklander Hospital, Hoorn, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, VieCuri Medisch Centrum for Noord-Limburg, Venlo, the Netherlands.; Department of Emergency Medicine, St Jansdal Hospital, Harderwijk, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Sint Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, and Hoofddorp, the Netherlands.; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AI&II), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amstserdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. m.a.boermeester@amsterdamumc.nl.CN - SCOUT Collaboarative Study group
BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a decrease in the number of patients presenting with acute appendicitis was observed. It is unclear whether this caused a shift towards more complicated cases of acute appendicitis. We compared a cohort of patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic with a 2019 control cohort. METHODS: We retrospectively included consecutive adult patients in 21 hospitals presenting with acute appendicitis in a COVID-19 pandemic cohort (March 15 - April 30, 2020) and a control cohort (March 15 - April 30, 2019). Primary outcome was the proportion of complicated appendicitis. Secondary outcomes included prehospital delay, appendicitis severity, and postoperative complication rates. RESULTS: The COVID-19 pandemic cohort comprised 607 patients vs. 642 patients in the control cohort. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a higher proportion of complicated appendicitis was seen (46.9% vs. 38.5%; p = 0.003). More patients had symptoms
2021-01-20
From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).; From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L., C.I.S., L.H.B., M.B., E.C., W.M.v.E., P.K.G., B.G., M.G., N.H., W.H., H.J.H., C.J., R.K., M.K., K.v.L., J.M., M.O., R.S., C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S., E.T.S., C. Sital, J.T., K.V.V., C.d.V., W.X., B.d.W., M.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.B.); Thirona, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (J.P.C., E.M.v.R.); Departments of Internal Medicine (T.D.) and Radiology (M.V.), Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (H.A.G.); Departments of Biomedical Physics and Engineering and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (L.v.H., I.I.); Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (J.K.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.L.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (T.v.R.V.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C. Schaefer-Prokop, S.S.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.L.S.).
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has spread across the globe with alarming speed, morbidity, and mortality. Immediate triage of patients with chest infections suspected to be caused by COVID-19 using chest CT may be of assistance when results from definitive viral testing are delayed. Purpose To develop and validate an artificial intelligence (AI) system to score the likelihood and extent of pulmonary COVID-19 on chest CT scans using the COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS) and CT severity scoring systems. Materials and Methods The CO-RADS AI system consists of three deep-learning algorithms that automatically segment the five pulmonary lobes, assign a CO-RADS score for the suspicion of COVID-19, and assign a CT severity score for the degree of parenchymal involvement per lobe. This study retrospectively included patients who underwent a nonenhanced chest CT examination because of clinical suspicion of COVID-19 at two medical centers. The system was