Chinese
英语

Resource Language

资源语种

Publication time

发布时间

Sort By排序

共检索3条数据Total:3

2021-02-10

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.; Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, CIBERES, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China. zhengliuent@hotmail.com.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Chemosensory dysfunction in the patients with COVID-19 has been reported frequently in the studies from different regions of the world. However, the prevalence of smell and/or taste disorders presents significant ethnic and geographic variability. In addition, the pathogenesis of chemosensory dysfunction remains unclarified. RECENT FINDINGS: This is a narrative review on the recent state of the prevalence, mechanism, and diagnostic and therapeutic strategy of chemosensory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients during the global pandemic. The chemosensory dysfunction was analysis based on recent studies, which either used questionnaires, Likert scales (0-10), or smell tests to estimate the smell and taste dysfunction. The ethnic and geographic difference of the prevalence of smell and/or taste disorders and the potential underlying mechanisms have been discussed. Several suggestions on the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 patients with smell and taste disorders were

2021-07-25

Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.; Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.; Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.; Rhinology Unit & Smell Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERES, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.; Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. entwdy@nus.edu.sg.; Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. entwdy@nus.edu.sg.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Increasing knowledge of the pathogenesis of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and the complex interaction between host and viral factors have allowed clinicians to stratify the severity of COVID-19 infection. Epidemiological data has also helped to model viral carriage and infectivity. This review presents a comprehensive summary of the pathophysiology of COVID-19, the mechanisms of action of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and the correlation with the clinical and biochemical characteristics of the disease. RECENT FINDINGS: ACE2 and TMPRSS2 receptors have emerged as a key player in the mechanism of infection of SARS-CoV-2. Their distribution throughout the body has been shown to impact the organ-specific manifestations of COVID-19. The immune-evasive and subsequently immunoregulative properties of SARS-CoV-2 are also shown to be implicated in disease proliferation and progression. Information gleaned from the virological properties of SARS-CoV-2 is consistent with and reflects the

2021-04-07

Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Charité, and Berlin Institute of Health, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany, jean.bousquet@orange.fr.; University Hospital and MACVIA France, Montpellier, France, jean.bousquet@orange.fr.; Medical Consulting Czarlewski, Levallois, France.; MASK-air, Montpellier, France.; Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Charité, and Berlin Institute of Health, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Rhinology Unit & Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic - Clinical & Experimental Respiratory Immunoallergy, IDIBAPS, CIBERES, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.; Department of Geriatrics, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France.; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Hormonologie, PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, CHU de, Montpellier, France.; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain.; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.; Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut Toxicologia, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.; Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHU, Montpellier, France.; University Hospital and MACVIA France, Montpellier, France.; MASK-air, Montpellier, France.; Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University, Brasov, Romania.; Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy.; Fundação ProAR, Federal University of Bahia and GARD/WHO Planning Group, Salvador, Brazil.; Division of Allergy, The Bambino Gesù Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy.; CINTESIS, Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.; MEDIDA, Lda, Porto, Portugal.; GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre, DGAOT, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Vila do Conde, Portugal.; Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.; Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; Interdepartmental Center of Research on Hypertension and Related Conditions CIRIAPA, Federico II University, Napoli, Italy.; Servicio de Alergia e Immunologia, Clinica Santa Isabel, Buenos Aires, Argentina.; Department of Clinical Immunology, Wrocław Medical University and ALL-MED Medical Research Institute, Wrocław, Poland.; Center for Rhinology and Allergology, Wiesbaden, Germany.; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.; Division of Internal Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Barlicki University Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.; Center of Excellence in Asthma and Allergy, Médica Sur Clinical Foundation and Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico.; Institute for Population Health Sciences, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Sachs' Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.; Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.; Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, Athens General Children's Hospital "P&A Kyriakou," University of Athens, Athens, Greece.; Section of Rhinology and Allergy, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.; Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Immunology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.; Faculty of Medicine, ICBR - Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, CIBB, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.; Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHU, Montpellier, France.; CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France.; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye and Ear University Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon.; Department of Prevention of Environmental Hazards and Allergology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.; Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine & Institute of Health Sciences, Vilnius, Lithuania.; Research and Development Division, Microbiology and Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.; Strategy and Planning Division, SME Service Department, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.; Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut Toxicologia, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.; ISGlobAL, Barcelona, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Barcelona, Spain.

In this article, we propose that differences in COVID-19 morbidity may be associated with transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and/or transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) activation as well as desensitization. TRPA1 and TRPV1 induce inflammation and play a key role in the physiology of almost all organs. They may augment sensory or vagal nerve discharges to evoke pain and several symptoms of COVID-19, including cough, nasal obstruction, vomiting, diarrhea, and, at least partly, sudden and severe loss of smell and taste. TRPA1 can be activated by reactive oxygen species and may therefore be up-regulated in COVID-19. TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels can be activated by pungent compounds including many nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2) (Nrf2)-interacting foods leading to channel desensitization. Interactions between Nrf2-associated nutrients and TRPA1/TRPV1 may be partly responsible for the severity of some of the COVID-19 symptoms. The regulation by Nrf2 of TRPA1/TRPV1