2021-09-29

The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, No. 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.; MOE-Shanghai Key Lab of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.; The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, No. 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.; The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, No. 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. sonia0616@sjtu.edu.cn.; The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, No. 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.

BACKGROUND: To explore the characteristics of unintentional childhood-injury during the COVID-19 pandemic and assess the association of unintentional-injury with maternal emotional status. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 1300 children under 12-years-old from 21 schools (including nurseries/ kindergartens/ primary schools) in Wuhan and Shanghai during March to April 2020, and the mothers completed questionnaires online. Self-rating Depression/Anxiety Scales were used to evaluate maternal emotional status, questions on child unintentional-injury were based on the International-Statistical-Classification-of-Diseases-and-Related-Health-Problems-version-10 (ICD-10), and a total of 11 kinds of unintentional injuries were inquired. Information on socio-demographic and family-background factors was also collected. RESULTS: The children of 0-4, 5-9, and 10-12 years accounted for 29.2, 55.2 and 15.6%, respectively, the unintentional-injury rates were

2021-09-22

School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, China.; Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.; School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, China.

Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) explores the transcriptome of genes at cell level, which sheds light on revealing the heterogeneity and dynamics of cell populations. Advances in biotechnologies make it possible to generate scRNA-seq profiles for large-scale cells, requiring effective and efficient clustering algorithms to identify cell types and informative genes. Although great efforts have been devoted to clustering of scRNA-seq, the accuracy, scalability and interpretability of available algorithms are not desirable. In this study, we solve these problems by developing a joint learning algorithm [a.k.a. joints sparse representation and clustering (jSRC)], where the dimension reduction (DR) and clustering are integrated. Specifically, DR is employed for the scalability and joint learning improves accuracy. To increase the interpretability of patterns, we assume that cells within the same type have similar expression patterns, where the sparse representation is imposed on

2021-02-10

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.; Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, CIBERES, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China. zhengliuent@hotmail.com.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Chemosensory dysfunction in the patients with COVID-19 has been reported frequently in the studies from different regions of the world. However, the prevalence of smell and/or taste disorders presents significant ethnic and geographic variability. In addition, the pathogenesis of chemosensory dysfunction remains unclarified. RECENT FINDINGS: This is a narrative review on the recent state of the prevalence, mechanism, and diagnostic and therapeutic strategy of chemosensory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients during the global pandemic. The chemosensory dysfunction was analysis based on recent studies, which either used questionnaires, Likert scales (0-10), or smell tests to estimate the smell and taste dysfunction. The ethnic and geographic difference of the prevalence of smell and/or taste disorders and the potential underlying mechanisms have been discussed. Several suggestions on the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 patients with smell and taste disorders were

2021-06-29

The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510010, China.; Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China.; Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China.; Department of Critical Care Medicine and Infection Prevention and Control, Health Science Center, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen & First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, China.; Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China.; Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China.; Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China.; Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China.; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510010, China. Zhifengliu7797@163.com.; Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China. Zhifengliu7797@163.com.; Key Laboratory of Hot Zone Trauma Care and Tissue Repair of PLA, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China. Zhifengliu7797@163.com.

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread around the world, until now, the number of positive and death cases is still increasing. Therefore, it remains important to identify risk factors for death in critically patients. METHODS: We collected demographic and clinical data on all severe inpatients with COVID-19. We used univariable and multivariable Cox regression methods to determine the independent risk factors related to likelihood of 28-day and 60-day survival, performing survival curve analysis. RESULTS: Of 325 patients enrolled in the study, Multi-factor Cox analysis showed increasing odds of in-hospital death associated with basic illness (hazard ratio [HR] 6.455, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.658-25.139, P = 0.007), lymphopenia (HR 0.373, 95% CI 0.148-0.944, P = 0.037), higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score on admission (HR 1.171, 95% CI 1.013-1.354, P = 0.033) and being critically ill (HR 0.191, 95% CI 0.053-0.687, P = 0.011). Increasing 28

2021-06-08

Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China.; Department of Respiratory Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China.; Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.; Cardiovascular Department, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China.; Department of Urology Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China.; Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China.; Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.; Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.; Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.; Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.; Key Laboratory of Hot Zone Trauma Care and Tissue Repair of PLA, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China.

Objectives: Hypertension is thought to be a contributor to mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 patients; however, limited clinical data on the outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with hypertension are available.Methods: This study was designed to confirm whether hypertension affects the outcomes of COVID-19. Results: A total of 983 patients with COVID-19 (female, 48%; male, 52%) were enrolled. Significantly higher odds of 60-day mortality (p = .017) were observed in the hypertensive group. In the hypertensive group, even after adjustment in multivariate analysis, the subgroup of patients 70 years old and older had higher 28-day mortality and total 60-day mortality rates than the other age subgroups (bothp < .05). A total of 297 (89%) COVID-19 patients with hypertension survived, and 35 (11%) died. In addition, compared with hypertensive patients who survived COVID-19, non-survivors had more pre-existing conditions, including cardiovascular diseases and stroke, higher blood pressure on

2021-07-25

Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.; Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.; Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.; Rhinology Unit & Smell Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERES, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.; Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. entwdy@nus.edu.sg.; Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. entwdy@nus.edu.sg.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Increasing knowledge of the pathogenesis of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and the complex interaction between host and viral factors have allowed clinicians to stratify the severity of COVID-19 infection. Epidemiological data has also helped to model viral carriage and infectivity. This review presents a comprehensive summary of the pathophysiology of COVID-19, the mechanisms of action of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and the correlation with the clinical and biochemical characteristics of the disease. RECENT FINDINGS: ACE2 and TMPRSS2 receptors have emerged as a key player in the mechanism of infection of SARS-CoV-2. Their distribution throughout the body has been shown to impact the organ-specific manifestations of COVID-19. The immune-evasive and subsequently immunoregulative properties of SARS-CoV-2 are also shown to be implicated in disease proliferation and progression. Information gleaned from the virological properties of SARS-CoV-2 is consistent with and reflects the

2021-04-06

School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong kgrepin@hku.hk.; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.; School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.; School of Public Policy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.; School of Public Policy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.

OBJECTIVE: To review the effectiveness of travel measures implemented during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic to inform changes on how evidence is incorporated in the International Health Regulations (2005) (IHR). DESIGN: We used an abbreviated Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols to identify studies that investigated the effectiveness of travel-related measures preprinted or published by 1 June 2020. RESULTS: We identified 29 studies, of which 26 were modelled. Thirteen studies investigated international measures, while 17 investigated domestic measures (one investigated both). There was a high level of agreement that the adoption of travel measures led to important changes in the dynamics of the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic: the Wuhan measures reduced the number of cases exported internationally by 70%-80% and led to important reductions in transmission within Mainland China. Additional travel measures, including flight

2021-02-10

Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: 2006xh0836@hust.edu.cn.

PURPOSE: COVID-19 broke out in late 2019 and rapidly spread around the world and became a pandemic. This highly contagious disease affects routine health care services and patients with cancer who are susceptible to it. Delivering brachytherapy on time is critical for patients with cancer to get better prognosis. The purpose of this study is to present workflow and standard for radiation centers to deliver brachytherapy and avoid cross-infection during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This study combined previous literature and guidelines of precaution with clinical experience in the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS: A workflow covering patients' screening, health care workers' precaution, training, and other aspects of the whole brachytherapy procedure was established. CONCLUSIONS: From the reopening of radiation center to mid-May in 2020, there is no hospital infection of COVID-19 in patients or health care workers. This recommendation is effective and helpful to other cancer

2020-02-18

Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University,; Guangzhou 510515, China Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University,; Guangzhou 510515, China Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University,; Guangzhou 510515, China Unit of Psychiatry, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health; Sciences, University of Macau, Macau Special Administrative Region, China Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School; of Medicine, Hangzhou, China Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University,; Guangzhou 510515, China

2020-02-18

Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University,; Guangzhou 510515, China Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University,; Guangzhou 510515, China Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University,; Guangzhou 510515, China Unit of Psychiatry, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health; Sciences, University of Macau, Macau Special Administrative Region, China Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School; of Medicine, Hangzhou, China Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University,; Guangzhou 510515, China